![]() ![]() Using the analogy of a camera, the pupil is the aperture of the eye and the iris is the diaphragm that controls the size of the aperture. Together, the iris and pupil control how much light enters the eye. This is due to the intense light from the flash being reflected by the red colour of the retina. Depending on the direction of your gaze when the photo is taken, your pupils might appear bright red. There's another common situation when the pupil of the eye changes color - when someone takes your photo using the camera's flash function. When the cloudy lens is replaced by a clear intraocular lens (IOL) during cataract surgery, the normal black appearance of the pupil is restored. If the pupil has a cloudy or pale colour, this is typically because the lens of the eye (which is located directly behind the pupil) has become opaque due to the formation of a cataract. The black colour is because light that passes through the pupil is absorbed by the retina and is not reflected back (in normal lighting). Typically, the pupils appear perfectly round, equal in size and black in colour. The function of the pupil is to allow light to enter the eye so it can be focused on the retina to begin the process of sight. The pupil is the opening in the centre of the iris (the structure that gives our eyes their colour). Examination findings – including any dysmorphic features, full ocular examination.One of the most important parts of the eye isn't a structure at all - it's an open space.Family history – of eye conditions or genetic conditions.Antenatal and perinatal history that may be relevant – prematurity, birth weight, birth trauma, alcohol/drug use in pregnancy.Other past medical and surgical history.Ocular history, including other eye problems, injuries, diseases, surgery, treatments including glasses and/ or amblyopia therapy.If you are unable to provide the required “essential information” please state the reason when you submit the referral. Visit the CPC website for the required condition. This condition has minimum demographic and essential clinical referral information that is required to be included prior to submission of the referral. Referring clinician details (name, contact details, provider number, date and length of referral).įrom referral criteria will apply at CHQ.Parent/Carer’s name and contact details.Patient details (name, age and gender).Bilateral pupil size and reactivity, presence/ absence of red reflex.Presenting complaint and the reason for referral.Limitation of eye movement (adduction) in the eye with the larger pupil – suggestive of 3rd nerve palsy.Greater than 1mm difference between the pupil sizes, especially if this difference is noticed in the dark.Asymmetric pupil reactions/afferent pupillary reflex – IMMEDIATE REFERRAL.Attempt fundus examination and note presence/absence of red and white reflex.Use a toy or a light for very young children. Ocular motility – ask child to look in the direction of gaze of the extraocular muscles.Visual acuity if child is of an appropriate age (usually older than 3yrs) If the child is too young to check visual acuity, ascertain whether the child can fix and follow – for toddlers try a toy, for infants try a toy or a light.
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